Andrew jackson family background

Kennedy Lyndon B. Bush Bill Clinton George W. Upcoming Events Past Events Donate. Help inform the discussion Support the Miller Center. University of Virginia Miller Center. Andrew Jackson: Family Life. Breadcrumb U. Andrew Jackson Essays Life in Brief. While living in North Carolina, Jackson gained a reputation for being charismatic, wild and ambitious.

He loved to dance, entertain, gamble and spend his free time with friends in taverns. This territory stretched from the Appalachian Mountains to the Mississippi River. In , Jackson followed the Wilderness Road across the rugged Allegheny Mountains to Jonesborough, Tennessee and practiced law briefly in Jonesborough and Greeneville. He moved to Nashville later that year.

While Jackson continued to practice law in the Nashville area, he took on many endeavors, such as judge, store and tavern keeper, whiskey distiller, boat maker, land speculator, thoroughbred horse racing, general and politician, but farming became the basis of his economic plan. In his first elected position in , he served as a delegate to the Tennessee Constitutional Convention in Knoxville.

Jackson soon found himself in Washington City D. House of Representatives Afterward, he was selected by the Tennessee General Assembly to serve as U. Senator Following the passage of federal tariffs in and that they believed favored Northern manufacturers at their expense, opponents in South Carolina passed a resolution declaring the measures null and void in the state and even threatened secession.

Vice President Calhoun supported the principle of nullification along with the notion that states could secede from the Union. Although he believed the tariff to be too high, Jackson threatened to use force to enforce federal law in South Carolina. Within weeks, a compromise was passed that included a modest reduction in the tariff along with a provision that empowered the president to use the armed forces if necessary to enforce federal laws.

As he was leaving a memorial service for a congressman inside the U. Capitol on January 30, , deranged house painter Richard Lawrence emerged from the crowd and pointed a single-shot gold pistol at the president. When the gun failed to shoot, Lawrence pulled out a second pistol, which also misfired. The infuriated Jackson charged the shooter and hammered him with his cane while bystanders subdued the attempted assassin.

The English-born Lawrence, who believed he was an heir to the British throne and owed a massive amount of money by the U. Despite his popularity and success, Jackson's presidency was not without its controversies. One particularly troubling aspect of it was his dealings with Native Americans. He signed and implemented the Indian Removal Act of , which gave him the power to make treaties with tribes that resulted in their displacement to territory west of the Mississippi River in return for their ancestral homelands.

Jackson also stood by as Georgia violated a federal treaty and seized nine million acres inside the state that had been guaranteed to the Cherokee tribe. Although the U. Supreme Court ruled in two cases that Georgia had no authority over the tribal lands, Jackson refused to enforce the decisions. As a result, the president brokered a deal in which the Cherokees would vacate their land in return for territory west of Arkansas.

Jackson also nominated his supporter Roger Taney to the U. Supreme Court. The Senate rejected the initial nomination in , but when Chief Justice John Marshall died, Jackson re-nominated Taney, who was subsequently approved the following year. Justice Taney went on to be best known for the infamous Dred Scott decision , which declared African Americans were not citizens of the United States and as such lacked legal standing to file a suit.

He also stated that the federal government could not forbid slavery in U. The Whig party failed to win the presidential election, which was captured by Martin Van Buren. Jackson, however, left his successor with an economy ready to crater. Having taken a financial loss from devalued paper notes himself, Jackson issued the Specie Circular in July , which required payment in gold or silver for public lands.

Banks, however, could not meet the demand. When Jackson arrived in Nashville in , he met Rachel Donelson Robards, who, at the time, was unhappily married to but separated from Captain Lewis Robards. Rachel and Andrew married before her divorce was officially complete — a fact that was later brought to light during Jackson's presidential campaign.

Although the couple had legally remarried in , the press accused Rachel Jackson of bigamy. Jackson's willingness to engage his and his wife's many attackers earned him a reputation as a quarrelsome man. During one incident in , Jackson even challenged one accuser, Charles Dickinson, to a duel. The couple also adopted Andrew Jackson Jr. On December 22, , two months before Jackson's presidential inauguration, Rachel died of a heart attack, which the president-elect blamed on the stress caused by the nasty campaign.

She was buried two days later, on Christmas Eve. Portrait c. John C. Calhoun — Martin Van Buren — Democratic-Republican before Jacksonian — Rachel Donelson.

Andrew jackson family background

Congressional Gold Medal Thanks of Congress. Major general U. Army Major general U. Volunteers Major general Tennessee militia. See list. Marks Siege of Fort Barrancas. Legal career and marriage. Planting career and slavery. Main article: Andrew Jackson and slavery. Further information: Andrew Jackson and the slave trade in the United States.

Duel with Dickinson and adventure with Burr. See also: List of violent incidents involving Andrew Jackson. New Orleans. Horseshoe Bend. Emuckfaw and Enotachopo Creek. Creek War. War of First Seminole War. Further information: Creek War. Further information: Battle of New Orleans. Further information: First Seminole War. Main article: United States presidential election.

Election of and death of Rachel Jackson. Main articles: United States presidential election and Andrew Jackson presidential campaign. Presidency — Main article: Presidency of Andrew Jackson. Main article: First inauguration of Andrew Jackson. Reforms and rotation in office. Further information: Spoils system. Main article: Petticoat affair. Main article: Nullification crisis.

Bank War and Election of Removal of deposits and censure. Further information: Censure of Andrew Jackson. Main article: Panic of Physical assault and assassination attempt. Further information: List of federal judges appointed by Andrew Jackson. States admitted to the Union. Later life and death — Further information: Wards of Andrew Jackson.

Further information: List of memorials to Andrew Jackson. As this was prior to the adoption of the Twenty-fifth Amendment in , a vacancy in the office of vice president was not filled until the next ensuing election and inauguration. State Library of North Carolina. Archived from the original on June 18, Retrieved July 20, The Hermitage. Archived from the original on September 12, Retrieved April 13, Retrieved August 23, White House Historical Association.

May 1, The Washington Post. Archived from the original on April 11, Andrew Jackson. Major-General 2d Division, Tennessee. November 24, ". Jackson Papers, LOC. Retrieved June 27, Retrieved July 3, Biographical Directory of the U. Archived from the original on December 18, Government Publication Office. Archived from the original PDF on January 13, Tennessee Historical Society.

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Archived from the original on October 24, Retrieved November 11, Currency Education Program. Archived from the original PDF on February 4, Jackson's judges: Six appointments who shaped a nation PhD dissertation. University of Nebraska—Lincoln. ISBN ProQuest Archived from the original on March 30, Retrieved July 18, August 18, Taney wrote one of Supreme Court's worst rulings".

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Archived from the original on January 25, The Tennessean. Retrieved December 7, Retrieved August 6, Retrieved July 1, Further information: Bibliography of Andrew Jackson. Brands, H. Andrew Jackson: His Life and Times. OCLC Brown, David S. Latner, Richard B. In Graff, Henry ed. The Presidents: A Reference History 3 ed. Meacham, Jon Remini, Robert V.

Andrew Jackson and the Course of American Empire, — Andrew Jackson and the Course of American Freedom, — Andrew Jackson and the Course of American Democracy, — Wilentz, Sean Adams, Sean P. In Adams, Sean P. A Companion to the Era of Andrew Jackson. Aptheker, Herbert []. American Negro Slave Revolts. International Publishers. Baptist, Edward E.

Booraem, Hendrik Boller, Paul F. Borneman, Walter R. Brands, Henry W. Breen, Patrick H. Oxford University Press. Burstein, Andrew The Passions of Andrew Jackson. Cave, Alfred A. Cheathem, Mark R. In McKnight, Brian D. Kent State University Press. Andrew Jackson: Southerner Ebook. LSU Press. Clark, Thomas D. The Old Southwest, — Frontiers in conflict.

University of Oklahoma Press. Durham, Walter T. Ellis, Richard E. In Woodward, C. Vann ed. Responses of the Presidents to Charges of Misconduct. Feerick, John D. Fish, Carl R. The Rise of the Common Man — Freehling, William Oxford: Oxford University Press. Garrison, Tim Allen Gatell, Frank Otto The Jacksonians and the Money Power. Chicago, Rand McNally.

Gilo-Whitaker, Dina Beacon Press. Greeley, Horace Its Causes, Incidents and Results. Case and Company. Gullan, Harold I. First fathers: the men who inspired our Presidents. Hammond, Bray Hickey, Donald R. The War of A Forgotten Conflict. University of Illinois Press. Howe, Daniel Walker Kakel, Carroll Palgrave Macmillan. Kalaitzidis, Akis; Streich, Gregory W.

Lane, Carl Lansford, Tom; Woods, Thomas E. New York: Marshall Cavendish. Lynn, John A. Yale University Press. Mahon, John K. The Florida Historical Quarterly. JSTOR Marszalek, John F. Free Press. McGrane, Reginald C. The Panic of University of Chicago Press. Meyers, Marvin Vintage Books. Missall, John; Missall, Mary Lou University Press of Florida.