President de klerk biography of albert

Retrieved 13 November African Police".

President de klerk biography of albert

People's Daily. Archived from the original on 8 February Retrieved 18 April Peace News Issue Archived from the original on 6 May AP News. BBC News. The last trek-- a new beginning : the autobiography. New York: St. Martin's Press. OCLC Archived from the original on 14 December The Daily Telegraph. ISSN Archived from the original on 24 April Retrieved 16 January Archived from the original on 5 March Retrieved 2 November Archived from the original on 22 June Independent Online.

South Africa. Archived from the original on 30 April Archived from the original on 28 June Retrieved 9 June Archived from the original on 17 February Archived from the original on 19 February Retrieved 13 June Archived from the original on 22 August Retrieved 11 September Archived from the original on 22 April Archived from the original on 10 September Global Panel Foundation.

Archived from the original on 10 May Archived from the original on 16 May African President F. CBS News. Retrieved 15 September Retrieved 6 December Archived from the original on 28 December Eyewitness News. Archived from the original on 30 December Retrieved 28 December Deutsche Welle. Archived from the original on 18 February Retrieved 2 May Al Jazeera.

Archived from the original on 7 February Retrieved 2 February Archived from the original on 11 November Retrieved 11 November The Washington Post. FW de Klerk Foundation. Retrieved 13 November — via YouTube. News Retrieved 16 November Daily Maverick. Retrieved 20 July The Guardian. Archived from the original on 22 March Retrieved 22 March Retrieved 19 March Archived from the original on 13 March Retrieved 13 March Bibliography [ edit ].

Allen, John London: Rider. Johannesburg: Jonathan Ball Publishers. Glad, Betty; Blanton, Robert Presidential Studies Quarterly. Sampson, Anthony []. Mandela: The Authorised Biography. London: HarperCollins. Further reading [ edit ]. External links [ edit ]. Wikimedia Commons has media related to Frederik Willem de Klerk. Wikiquote has quotations related to F.

Nelson Mandela. First Mandela Cabinet — Heads of state of South Africa. Home affairs ministers of South Africa. Laureates of the Nobel Peace Prize. Kary B. De Klerk chose to negotiate with the African National Congress ANC at a time when many countries around the world and former allies had turned their back on the National Party and their government was all but bankrupt.

Sceptics say he was more of a pragmatist than an idealist - that he had little choice. In his book, Long Walk to Freedom, Mandela was pretty clear: "Despite his seemingly progressive actions, Mr de Klerk was by no means the great emancipator. He made them for precisely the opposite reason: to ensure power for the Afrikaner in a new dispensation.

However, this decision alienated him from many in his party and years later some in his Afrikaner community still saw De Klerk as a traitor. A few years ago I visited the whites-only town of Orania - home to people disenchanted with the "rainbow nation" dream, choosing instead to live in isolation. There on a hill, in the small town where a flag inspired by the old apartheid standard continued to fly and bronze statues of past leaders of the apartheid government were proudly displayed, De Klerk was missing - erased from their list of "heroes".

The people I spoke to saw him as a coward, and believed he had sold them out. Even to the end, De Klerk seemed to be unsettled with his own place in South Africa as he battled illness. In the video message released by his foundation soon after his death, a frail-looking De Klerk said that, while he had once supported the "separate development" project as he called apartheid, in the s he had "changed completely".

The National Party, still led by him, broke away from Mandela, saying that South Africa needed a strong multi-party system. In August de Klerk resigned as head of the National Party and stepped out of politics. At the news conference, he stated, "I am resigning because I am convinced it is in the best interest of the party and the country. In October the South Africa Truth and Reconciliation Commission announced that it would release a report about crimes that were committed during apartheid and that this report would not include any mention of questionable activities that de Klerk may have been involved in.

The commission works to bring south Africans together by investigating and reporting on events that occurred during apartheid. In December , de Klerk joined more than thirty other Nobel Prize winners in Oslo, Norway to celebrate the prize's one-hundredth anniversary and to discuss peace in the twenty-first century. De Klerk, F. London: Macmillan, Pakendorf, Harald.

Thompson, Leonard. The Political Mythology of Apartheid. Cite this article Pick a style below, and copy the text for your bibliography. January 9, Retrieved January 09, from Encyclopedia. Then, copy and paste the text into your bibliography or works cited list. Because each style has its own formatting nuances that evolve over time and not all information is available for every reference entry or article, Encyclopedia.

Learn more about citation styles Citation styles Encyclopedia. De Klerk entered parliament in and joined the cabinet in Botha , and became president and National Party leader. Following a narrow electoral victory, de Klerk began the process of dismantling apartheid. In , the principal apartheid laws were repealed and victory in a whites-only referendum marked the end of white minority rule.

Following the elections, de Klerk became deputy president in Mandela's government of national unity. In , he resigned and led the Nationalists out of the coalition. He retired as leader of the National Party in More From encyclopedia. De Klerk chose to negotiate with the African National Congress ANC at a time when many countries around the world and former allies had turned their back on the National Party and their government was all but bankrupt.